MIDWIFERY CARE OF PRETERM NEWBORN WITH NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS: PREVENTION AND SCREENING FOR RISK FACTORS

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an acute inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the preterm newborn (PTNB) and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). From a clinical point of view, NEC can be difficult to distinguish from other diseases and conditions common to PTNB. In this case study we will analyze a 30-week-old PTNB, who started trophic enteral stimulation with artificial formula only at 6 days of life, without receiving breast milk at any time during his hospitalization. Subsequently evaluated by pediatric surgery; because he evolves with vomiting, bilious gastric residue and abdominal distension; associated apneas and anemia. The patient was diagnosed with Dg. of NEC in initial stage, evolving to intestinal perforation with surgical resolution. Among the midwifery care activities derived from the analysis, they include the identification of factors preponderant to NEC, especially how to initiate the trophic stimulus in the PTNB, strengthening the maternal biopsychosocial area with respect to breastfeeding. Also to identify signs and symptoms in an early and timely manner, as well as to propose improvements or strategies to reduce the incidence of this pathology.